Oil and air mixing device in the form of vacuum pumps



w. E. SHORE 1;752,398 OIL AND AIR MIXING DEVICE IN THE FORM OF VACUUM PUMPS April 1, 1930.

Filed July- 31, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

NN\ \\\\\\\\J\\ \\\\\\NN I 7 v April 1, 1930. w. E. SHORE OIL AND AIR MIXING DEVICE IN THE FORM OF VACUUM PUMPS Filed July 51, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Asvxx sux \XRK Patented Apr. 1, 1930 V i i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. SHORE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

OIL AND AIR MIXING DEVICE IN THE FOR-MI OF VACUUM PUMPS Application filed- J'uly 31, 1922. Serial No. 578,649.

The principal objects of the invention are, insulating space around the cylinder and also to provide a highly effective meansfor acto form a heating conduit. 7 complishing the mixing of air with oil and A bridge member 8 separates the base oil vapors and to form a vacuum pump for chamber from the intake chamber. this purpose which is adapted to operate at End plates 9 are secured to either side of 55 very high speed so as to produce practically the casing 1 and are provided with journals 7 a constant suction and discharge, and to de- 10 set eccentrically to the axis of the cylinvise a structure o'fextremely simple form. der 3. v

The principal feature of the invention con- A shaft 11 is mounted in the journals 10 sists in the novel manner of supporting a p111- and upon this shaft is carried a cylindrical rality of vanes in constant radial relation I OI 12 Which is recessed into the bridge to the cylinder so that ther ill b no member 8 and forms a-close rotating fit thereradial thrust by the vanes against the Wlth- The nds o he rO Or fit snugly cylinder wall and in the novel construction g in the d plat s 9- of the rotor whereby l akag of pr ur The end-plates are prov ded with circular through the bearing u rt f th vanes channels 13 concentric tothe' axis of the cylis avolded. inder 3'. These channels are completely cov- A further importantfeature consists in the ered y the s f he IO r- Within each arrangement of a circulating chamber in the t Channels are g d the rota able cylinder wall whereby the heat of the wall t g 14 and 15 hi h g g respectively the i is utilized to r h t th fl id drawn t th lnner and outer diameters and between these pum b f r ent i th i t k rlngs are supported the sector ends 16 of the In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical midvanes 17- o sectional i w thr gh th pump, The sectors 16 are rigidly connected wlth I Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view takthe vanes at each n nd ld Se tors are 1 en on th 1i '2 -2 f Fi 1, spaced from each other so thatthe vanes will Figure 3 i perspective d t il f th vanes have freedom of movement in circumferential shown remov d fr th to d h i relatlon w th the cylinder but they will alon f th d l t d th rings f ways remain radlal to the cyllnder because porting the vane of their suspension between the rings 14k Figure 4 is a perspective detail shown partand 5- 1 ly in section of one of the members for pack- 9 f 13 formed Wlth 1I1g}tud1na1 9y" ing the van s i th t llndrlcal orifices 18. In these orifices which Figure 5 is a perspective detail of a slight are Spaced equidistant in the rotor a cut modification of the vane structure showing through the Periphery thereof, are arranged the end plates for supporting same. the cylindrical blocks 19 which are slotted Figure 6 is a perspective detail of a porlongitudinally to receive the vanes. The section of the rotor used with atype of vane as tions of the blocks 19 are held together by a shown in Figure 5. connecting portion 20 at the inward sides and Referring to the accompanying drawings, the inner edges of the vanes are formed with the pump casing 1 is formed with a hollow notches 21 to straddle the connecting membase 2 and a cylinder 3 forming the cylindribers. cal pump chamber 3 which communicates The cylindrical blocks 19 are free to oscil- A with the hollow base through an opening 4 late on their own. axes and consequently they I and with the intake chamber 5 through an adjust themselves to the changing angular opening 6. I relation due to the eccentric arrangement of 'An outer'wall 7 of the cylindrical chamber the rotor. 1 I 3 is spaced from the wall 3 form a pas- It will be noted that there is no intercom- 50 sage 7 therebetween, thereby providing an munication between the several orifices 18 and consequently there will be no leakage past the vanes.

The construction of the vanes and supporting rings and the method of sealing the vanes in the rotor may be altered and a modified construction is illustrated in "Figures 5 and 6. In the construction shown the supporting rin s 22 arranged concentrically in the heads of t e pump are provided with parallelly arranged circumferential slots 23 in which the double segment blocks 24 are slidably fitted. The double segments are connected together by the end blocks which are preferably of angle shape.

A plate 26 having a flange 27 on the outer longitudinal ed e is fitted between the angle end bars 25, sai flange being machined to the flurvature of the interior wall of the cylin- A rotor 28 is formed with longitudinally arranged channels 29 of substantially horseshoe shape and one edge 30 is rounded. v

The channels 29 are filled with oil and form a seal to prevent the escape of pressure around the vane and said vane is free to oscillate within the horseshoe shaped channel while maintaining contact with the rounded edge 30 to accommodate itself to the differing axial relations between the cylinder and th rotor.

A hollow base is provided with an extension 31 leading to an outlet 32. This chamber in the base forms an oil well into which all larger particles of oil not completely nebulized will fall.

A by-pass 33 is arranged between the discharge chamber 5 and the hollow base so that the pump may be operated freely for startmg or under low pressure conditions.

This passage is controlled by a suitable valve 33 so that the quantity of nebulized fuel directed into the intake side may be regulated.

The oil feed pipe 34 is preferably con nected to a cross 35 and continues-through to the chamber in the hollow outer wall 7, a valve 36 being interposed therein.

A pipe 37 leads from the bottom of the hollow base 2 to the bottom connection of the cross, the valve 38 being interposed. The fourth connection of the cross leads upwardly having a Y 39 therein and a valve 40 bein placed between the cross and the Y.

One branch of the Y extends upwardly to a light fuel tank and is provided with a control valve 41. The other branch of the Y leads to a Y fitting 42 connected to the intake chamber 5. The other branch of the Y leads to an air inlet control member 43.

A pipe connection 44 connectsthe upper end of the hollow cylinder wall chamber with the Y 42 and a valve 45 is arranged therein. v 4

Ifi the operation of this pump as a nebulizer for fuel oil, the oil is fed through the pipe 34 and when the valves 36 and 41 are closed and the valve 40 is open the oil feeds direct to the intake chamber. 'A certain amount of air is drawn in through the member 43' intake and the communicating cylinder area is rarified. This rarification of the atmosphere at a very high rate of speed causes adiabatic expansion which results in gasification of the oil flowing into the inlet together with the air.

Rarification of the air and oil vapors continues around approximately 180 of the cylinder and as the vanes clear the cylinder wall 3' at the opening 4 the discharge pressure within the discharge chamber 2 flows into the rarified space between the successive vanes. A compression efi'ect is thus produced upon the gasified oil and air mixture which has the effect of raising its temperature considerably. The continued movement of the rotor then expels the compressed oil and air mixture and in so doing creates a further compression against the back pressure of the outlet.

The rotor is operated at a high speed of rotation resulting in practically a continuous suction and discharge which however is composed of a very rapid succession of conditions such as described. The result of such a c tion is that adiabatic conditions prevail resulting in a most efi'ective and thorough breaking upof the oil particles and consequent intimate association with the air.

The heat created by the compression con ditions described is partially transmitted to the rotor and to the hollow wall of the cylinder but is almost entirely absorbed by the rarification of the atmosphere and oil in the suction side of the pump consequently no internal heat is lost. Further, an insulating chamber between the inner and outer wall of the cylinder prevents the outward radiation of the adiabatic heat and when the fuel oil supply is directed through the hollow cylinder wall any heat radiating from the in ner wall is absorbed by the circulating oil. The adiabatic expansion of the oil andair results in the production of a very finely nebulized fuel which will not readily precipitate and it may therefore be carried a reasonable distance through a conduit to a point where it is desired to be used whether in a furnace or in an internal combustion engine.

' shutdown so that the heavy viscous oilmay timate association under progressivewacuum be cleaned out of the pump before it is left to cool, otherwise it will be extremely diflicult to start the pump into operation.

What I claim as my invention is 1. .An 011 and an mixing devlce, comprlsing a casing formed with a cylindrical inner.

chamber having inlet and discharge chambers connected therewith, a rotor interposed between said inlet and discharge chambers,.a bye-pass connecting said latter chambers, means unaffected by the pressure of discharge for controlling the pressure flow through said bye-pass, and means for feeding liquid fuel .to the intake chamber along with a quantity of supporting air to effect their intimate association under'conditions of vacuum and pressure in rapid progression andfinal discharge 1nto said dlscharge chamber.

2. An oil and air m1x1ng device, comprlsand pressure conditions and final discharge into said discharge chamber a passage connectingthe intake and discharge chambers beyond the cylindrical chamber, and means for regulating the flow of said dlscharged mixture through said passa e.

' WILLIAM E. SHORE.

ing a casing formed with a cylindrical inner chamber having inlet and discharge chambers connected therewith, said casing havin a passage formed therein extending aroun the wall of the cylindrical chamber between said inlet and discharge chambers, a liquid fuel feed pipe connected with one end of said passage-in the cylinder wall and branched to connect direct to the intake chamber and.

to the opposite end of said passage, valves for controlling the flow of the liquid fuel to said intake chamber and passage from saidfeed pipe, and means for feeding a combustion supporting gas into the vacuum chamber along with the liquid fuel.

3. An oil and air mixing device, comprising a casing formed with a cylindrical'inner chamber-having intake and discharge chambers, a fuel circulating passage in the cylinder wall connected with said intake chamber, means" for feeding nquid fuel to said circulating passage remote from its connection with the intake, means for introducing a combustion supporting gas with said liquid fuel at its point of entrance into said intake chamber, a rotor eccentrically journalled in said cylinder, and vanes carried by said rotor radial to the cylindrical chamber adapted as the rotor rotates to produce vacuum and pressure conditions on the intake and dis- I charge sides respectively of the cylindrical chamber to draw the mixture of fuel and gas intothe intake chamber and effect their 1ntimate association'under alternate vacuum and pressure conditions as said mixture is advanced through the cylindrical chamber from the intake to its final discharge-into the discharge chamber. V

4. An oil and air mixing device, comprising a casing formed with a cylindrical inner chamber having intake and discharge chambers leading therefrom, a rotor, interposed between said latter chambers, means for feeding liquid fuel and combustion sup orting gas to said intake chamber to effect t en in- 

